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KMID : 0380620080400030332
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Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
2008 Volume.40 No. 3 p.332 ~ p.336
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Physiological Activity/Nutrition : Suppression of the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 Induced by Toll-Like Receptor 2, 3, and 4 Agonists by 6-Shogaol
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Kim Jum-Ji
Ahn Sang-Il
Lee Jeon-Soo
Yoon Sae-Mi
Lee Mi-Young
Youn Hyung-Sun
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Abstract
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Ginger is widely used as a traditional herbal medicine. Both ginger and its extracts have been used to treat many chronic inflammatory conditions via the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, which results in the suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. However, the mechanisms as to how ginger extracts mediate their health effects are largely unknown. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) trigger anti-microbial innate immune responses, recognizing conserved microbial structural molecules that are known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns. All TLR signaling pathways culminate in the activation of NF-κB. The activation of NF-κB leads to the induction of inflammatory gene products, including cytokines and COX-2. This study reports the biochemical evidence that 6-shogaol, an active compound in ginger, inhibits NF-κB activation and COX-2 expression induced by TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4 agonists. Furthermore, 6-shogaol inhibited NF-κB activation induced by the following downstream signaling components of the TLRs: MyD88, IKKβ, and p65. These results imply that ginger can modulate immune responses that could potentially modify the risk of many chronic inflammatory diseases.
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KEYWORD
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Toll-Like receptors, 6-shogaol, NF-κB, COX-2, MyD88
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